Ethical Worksheet Essay

1. What is the moral issue or issue? Distinguish the issue concisely. The post trial agent needs to create a presentence examination report for the husband’s preliminary. The post trial supervisor needs to keep in thought that this last DUI would be the husband’s third conviction, the just one being after his military help. The standard sentence for a third time offense as a rule starts at least 90 days in guardianship. The spouse, notwithstanding, has a record diagnosing him with post-horrendous pressure issue (created subsequent to serving in Somalia) where repression can trigger relapse, hazardous upheavals, and awful flashbacks. What should the post trial agent suggest? 2. What are the most significant realities? Which realities have the most bearing on the moral choice introduced? Incorporate any significant expected financial, social, or political weights, and bar insignificant realities. This is the husband’s third DUI offense. Due to the husband’s military help in Somalia, and his detainment by the aggressor, he presently experiences post-horrible pressure issue and has relapsed to the degree of a 10-year-old. According to his specialists, any sort of repression could intensify his relapse, activating dangerous upheavals and horrendous flashbacks. The standard condemning (since he’s a third time wrongdoer) generally starts at least 90 days in guardianship. His earlier feelings occurred before his military assistance and he served an aggregate of 60 days in authority, without episodes. 3. Recognize every inquirer (key entertainer) who has an enthusiasm for the result of this moral issue. From the viewpoint of the good agentâ€the individual considering a moral course of actionâ€what commitment is owed to the inquirer? Why? Petitioner (key entertainer) Commitment (owed to the petitioner) Point of view (What does the petitioner expectation will occur?) Post trial supervisor Usefulness, security, administration The post trial supervisor would firmly suggest for the spouse be set under house capture and go to concentrated treatment and recovery, instead of being imprisoned or regulated. Spouse Regard, request The spouse would like to pay a fine, assuming any, and be punished in any capacity other than control. Judge Value, non-injury The appointed authority would like to help the state of mind of the spouse, just as maintain the control in any prisons or potentially remedial offices. Therapist Helpfulness, goodbye The specialists would want to take care of the husband’s state of mind through extreme treatment and restoration, and maintain a strategic distance from imprisonment at all expense. Society Equity, harmony and request Society would incline toward a rehabilitative treatment for the spouse, a military veteran, and not imprisonment. Assessing Alternatives 4. What are two options for the situation? One option can be a trump card that you normally may not consider an alternative due to likely ramifications. Both ought to be inside through and through freedom and control of a similar good operator. Elective A Elective B The post trial agent firmly suggests rehabilitative treatment and psychotherapy instead of any detainment time. The post trial supervisor produces the PSI report adhering to convention of suggesting the standard required least of 90 days in prison for being the husband’s third conviction. 5. React to the accompanying inquiries dependent on your created other options. Elective A Elective B What are the best-and most pessimistic scenario situations on the off chance that you pick this other option? Best: The spouse shows improvement through various sorts of treatment and defeats liquor abuse. Most exceedingly awful: Therapy is futile for the spouse and his liquor reliance compounds. Best: Standard methodology are followed. Spouse has no upheaval or fierce flashbacks. Most noticeably awful: Husband has a rough upheaval hrs inside imprisonment, must be put in isolation, mental state crumbles. Will anybody be hurt if this option is picked? Assuming this is the case, by what method will they be hurt? Think about families and subordinate impacts. The spouse will be harmed if the treatments suggested don't fill in true to form. His state of mind and liquor reliance may exacerbate if the issue isn't drawn closer appropriately. The husband’s mental, passionate, and possibly physical state will intensify will imprisonment, since his vicious upheaval and flashbacks will be reoccurring. Would respecting a thought or valueâ€such as close to home, proficient, or religiousâ€make the elective invalid? Organizing the emotional wellness and prosperity of a military veteran with administration related issues, for example, PTSD makes the elective invalid. Keeping the standard condemning for a third time wrongdoer would make the elective invalid. Are there any standards, laws, or rules that help the other option? Are there rules, laws, or rules that make the elective invalid? Express the standard or guideline and demonstrate on the off chance that it discredits or supports the other option. 3455. Folly as a Defense You may not see the respondent as liable of in the event that (he/she) was lawfully unequipped for perpetrating a wrongdoing as a result of stupidity. The litigant was lawfully unequipped for carrying out a wrongdoing due to incompetence if at the time the wrongdoing was submitted: 1. (he/she) had a psychological infection or deformity; 2. In light of that sickness or imperfection, (he/she) didn't have the foggiest idea or comprehend the nature and nature of (his/her) demonstration or didn't have the foggiest idea or get that (his/her) demonstration was ethically or lawfully off-base. V C Section 23546 Penalty Third Conviction Within Ten Years 23546. (an) If an individual is indicted for an infringement of Section 23152 and the offense occurredâ within 10 years of two separate infringement of Section 23103, as determined in Section 23103.5, 23152, or 23153, or any mix thereof, that brought about feelings, that individual will be rebuffed by detainment in the district prison for at the very least 120 days nor over one year and by a fine of at the very least 300 ninety dollars ($390) nor more than one thousand dollars ($1,000). The person’s benefit to work an engine vehicle will be denied by the Department of Motor Vehicles as required in passage (5) of development (an) of Section 13352. The court will require the individual to give up their driver’s permit to the court as per Section 13550 Applying Ethical Guidelines 6. Think about each moral rule and clarify whether it would support or reject your other option. Rules dependent on the activity itself Elective A Elective B Should this option become a standard or strategy that everybody in this circumstance ought to follow in comparable circumstances later on? (Kant) Yes No Does this elective outcome in utilizing any individual as a necessary chore without thought for their fundamental uprightness? (Kant) No Indeed Is the plan of this activity liberated from personal stake or ulterior rationale? (Kant’s positive attitude) Yes Truly Does this option exhibit a certified worry for others influenced by the choice, and is the ethical organization reacting to an apparent need? Indeed: worry for other people and reacting to an apparent need are ensnared No Rules dependent on results Elective A Elective B Is the decency that outcomes from this option exceeded by the potential mischief that may be done to other people? (Mill’s hurt rule) Possibly No Is any damage achieved by anybody other than the ethical operator? (causal damage) No Indeed, the spouse and the involved restorative office Will anybody be hurt who can be supposed to be helpless? (paternalism) No Indeed, the spouse in a relapsed mental condition of a multi year old To what degree is this option dependent on the good agent’s own wellbeing? (moral pride) Not founded on the parole officer’s own advantage. It depends on the wellbeing of the spouse. Not founded on the parole officer’s own advantage. It depends on the wellbeing of the spouse. Which elective will produce the best benefitâ€or minimal measure of harmâ€for the best number of individuals? Select just a single other option. (utilitarianism) Alterative A will create the best advantage. Moral Decision Making 7. Decide to continue with either Alternative An or Alternative B and clarify the purposes behind your choice. I suggest that on the parole officer’s presentencing examination report unequivocally suggest an elective sort of corrective activity against the spouse, in lieu of detainment. He should take in thought not just the government assistance and emotional wellness of the spouse, yet the request in the comparing remedial office. The probation officer should take note of that imprisonment won't just incredibly decay the husband’s mental, passionate, and even physical wellbeing, however it will likewise make fights and physical showdowns in prison. The probation officer should push for some sort of escalated rehabilitative treatment, just as psychotherapy, and some other kind of treatment the spouse may require so as to regard his state of mind just as to address his liquor reliance. In the event that vital, applying a fine as well as house capture so as to pay for th e offense. The probation officer should put the wellbeing and prosperity of the spouse first.

New technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

New innovation - Essay Example It is additionally a progress from the static HTML pages to dynamic site pages that are sorted out and it depends on serving the web application to clients. It is not, at this point a ‘medium’ that individuals visit. Data can undoubtedly stream all through the web administrations. There are different structures in which the individuals utilize this innovation. A portion of the as often as possible utilized utilizations of web2.0 innovation incorporate Blogs and Wikis, IM Chat, labeling, RSS Feeds, Google Maps and Google Docs. Photographs and video sharing and person to person communication are the web 2.0 instruments, social office suites and webcasts. Through this innovation individuals can make sites that resemble and go about as work area programs. Subsequently individuals utilize this innovation for the most part for making their own web journals, for long range interpersonal communication and video and photograph sharing. Web journals is the short type of weblogs and is progressively similar to an individual journal which individuals keep up on the web (Gill 2004). The demonstration of including a section or refreshing the blog is called ‘blogging’ and the person who composes web journals is known as a ‘blogger’. Now and again writes are portrayed by their innovation like Blogger, Greymatter, LiveJournal, Manila, Movable Type, or UserLand. Bolggers expound on points that issue to them and they welcome remarks on their postings. The contact subtleties of the blogger is additionally give so anybody intrigued can trade individual messages as opposed to posting messages that can be perused by all guests to the blog. The posts on the blog are changeless and just the creator who possesses it can alter it. The Primary qualities of a blog include: Blogging began as a hobby in America however has now developed and is utilized as a stage for different purposes. Most bloggers are youthful and have one creator whose reason for existing is to communicate individual substance. Not all bloggers give their actual distinguishing proof on the web journals and thus it serves to look after namelessness

High Stress Teens Twice as Likely to Drink or Use Drugs

High Stress Teens Twice as Likely to Drink or Use Drugs Addiction Drug Use Print Top Risk Factors for Teen Substance Abuse By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on November 02, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 23, 2020 Fabrice LEROUGE / Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Why do some teens get involved in substance abuse while others do not? What factors or influences increase the risks that adolescents will smoke cigarettes, drink alcohol, get drunk and use illegal and prescription drugs, while others go all the way through high school abstinent? To answer these questions, The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (CASA) at Columbia University conducts a back-to-school study otherwise known as The National Survey of American Attitudes on Substance Abuse. Since 1995, this survey has attempted to identify characteristics, situations, and circumstances that increase or decrease the likelihood of teen substance abuse. From the results of several of CASAs 17 published studies, the following risk factors for increased likelihood that teens will smoke, drink or use drugs have emerged. Key Factors In one of CASAs early studies (2003), the survey found that highly stressed teens, compared to low-stressed teens are much more likely to become involved in substance abuse: High-stress teens are twice as likely to smoke, drink, get drunk and use illegal drugs.Teens who report they are frequently bored are 50% more likely to smoke, drink, get drunk and use illegal drugs.Teens with $25 or more per week in spending money are twice as likely to smoke, drink and use illegal drugs and more than twice as likely to get drunk.Teens with two or three of these factors are more than three times likely to become substance abusers.These factors affect more than half of the 12-to-17-year-olds in the U.S. Teens Begin Using Earlier Than Parents Think Teens being influenced to smoke, drink, and use drugs begins much earlier in their lives than parents would like to think, according to later CASA survey results. Average first use of alcohol is 12 years, 2 months.Average age of first smoking cigarettes is 12 years, 6 months.Average first use of marijuana is 13 years, 11 months. The survey found that between age 12 and age 17, the likelihood that a teen will smoke, drink or use illegal drugs increases seven times. During the same time, from age 12 to 17, the percentage of teens who report having friends who smoke marijuana increases 14 times. Spirituality Is a Positive Influence The CASA survey has repeatedly found that teens who attend religious services at least once a week are at significantly at lower risk of becoming involved in substance abuse. Digital Peer Pressure Teens who have seen pictures on Facebook or other social networking sites of other kids getting drunk, passed out, or using drugs are more likely to become involved in substance abuse themselves, compared to kids who have not seen such pictures. They are: Four times more likely to have used marijuanaMore than three times more likely to have used alcoholAlmost three times likelier to have used tobaccoMore than twice as likely to think theyll try drugs in the future. In addition, teens who spend significant time on social networking are: Four times more likely to be able to obtain marijuanaThree times more likely to be able to get prescription drugsTwice as likely to be able to get alcohol within a day or less Teens involved in social networks are much more likely to have friends and classmates who use illegal drugs and abuse controlled prescription drugs. Effects of High Stress Compared to teens who reported being under low stress (5 or less on a scale of 1 to 10), teens under high stress (6 or higher on a scale of 1 to 10) are significantly more likely to abuse substances: Three times more likely to have used marijuanaTwice as likely to have used alcoholTwice as likely to have used tobacco Being Home Alone at Night Teens who are sometimes left home alone overnight without adult supervision are more likely to be substance abusers, compared to teens who are never left home alone at night. Twice as likely to have used marijuanaAlmost twice as likely to have used alcoholNearly three times as likely to have used tobacco Cyberbullying Victims at Greater Risk CASAs surveys reveal that teens that experience cyberbullying are more than twice as likely to smoke, drink and use marijuana compared with teens who are not bullied. Teen Attitudes Display Greater Risks of Substance Abuse In each instance, if teens taking the survey said they agreed with the statements below, they were three times more likely to use marijuana, about twice as likely to drink alcohol, and many times more likely to smoke cigarettes: If a friend of mine uses illegal drugs, its none of my business.I should be able to do what I want with my own body.Its not a big deal to have sex with someone you dont care that much about. Parental Disapproval Is an Important Factor Throughout the years, the CASA survey found that strong parental disapproval of substance abuse is a factor in teens attitudes and behavior. Teens who say their parents would be extremely upset to find out they smoked, drank, or used marijuana were must less likely to use substances themselves or to think it is okay for their peers to use them. When children reported that their parents would not be extremely upset, however, the survey found that the parents: Eight and a half times more likely to say its okay for teens their age to use marijuana.Ten times more likely to say its okay for teens their age to get drunk.Nine times more likely to say its okay for teens their age to smoke cigarettes. Parents Need to Be on the Same Page The surveys find that it is important for parents to send a consistent and unified message to their teens about drugs and alcohol. Compared to teens whose parents completely agree with each other about substance abuse, teens whose parents dont completely agree are: 3 times more likely to use marijuana3.5 times more likely to try drugs in the futureTwice as likely to use alcohol Time after time, the CASA survey has found that parental involvement in their teens lives can play an important role in whether are not they become involved in substance abuse, especially if the parents are sensitive to the stress in their childrens lives, understand when and why they are bored, and limit and monitor their spending money. Ways That Parents Can Reduce Teen Risk According to the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, these are five ways that parents can reduce the possibility that their children will smoke, drink, get drunk or use illegal drunks before age 18: Be sensitive to the stress in teens lives and help them cope.Understand when and why teens are bored and help relieve their boredom.Limit the amount of money your teens have to spend and monitor how that money is spent.Know who your teens friends are.Be engaged in your childrens lives CASA suggests that parents can become more involved with their teens by helping them with their homework, attend their extra-curricular events, plan activities that you can do together, and talk to them about drugs, alcohol, and tobacco.

Apple - 1870 Words

Apple Inc. Individual Assignment 1 MGMT 419 October, 11, 2013 Prepared for Neil Saxon Prepared by Artie Prabhakar Contents Executive Summary 3 Introduction 4 Management Problem 4 Impact on investor 7 Impact on consumers 7 Impact on organization 8 Conclusion 8 Executive Summary The company that I have chosen to research is Apple, Apple incorporation; an American multinational corporation was established in 1976 in California by two pioneer personalities Steven Wozniak and Steve Jobs. Both of the founders having a unique skill set and both highly interested in electronics (Researchomatic, 2012). The company’s background goes back to when Steve Jobs started in his garage innovating new technologies that would be†¦show more content†¦However after analyzing his managing skills I would conclude that he is change image style has changed itself, after jobs death when he \assumed responsibility I believe he had an change manager image of the navigator, with control still being at the heart of management, wanting to achieve outcomes, they were never completely planned due to external factors such as the market reaction, or investors worry over jobs death, and furthermore the loyalty of Steve jobs apple consumers. While Steve Jobs liked to break into new segments, Tim cook did not, he had a different approach in growing the company by, selling market shares in which he eventually did. Point being is that he was not in complete control in 2006 but he became closer to the change manager director when he started to gain trust of consumers, investor and the organization when market share doubled, when he created Apple has made changes to placate shareholders. Cook instituted a dividend and share buyback five months after Jobs’ death to counteract any negative financials performances. Another major change that was a huge part of Apples change was its ability to market and innovate their products now that Jobs was gone. Steve Jobs and Tim Cook seem to be on opposite ends when it comes to the product innovation and marketing strategy. Thus the change in the approach now, For example, Jobs enjoyed creating illustrations that look like real life objects in his apps, and now appleShow MoreRelatedApple Production891 Words   |  4 PagesTotal production of apple fruit in Himachal Pradesh has increased from 892112 (MT) in 2010-11 to 777126 (MT) in 2015-16. 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In essenceRead MoreApple609 Words   |  3 PagesINTRODUCTION In 1996, Apple was a struggling company that had lost more than 70% of its market capitalization in the past decade. Apple’s sales had fell dramatically and their new personal computers weren’t particularly popular with consumers. The return of Steve Jobs to the company was a turning point for Apple and initiated a new era for the firm. With the launch of innovative products such as the iPod, iPhone and iPad, Apple became the biggest brand in the world. Now it remained to be seen ifRead More Bad Apples Essay832 Words   |  4 PagesBad Apples A Poison Tree by William Blake is a short poem about life in general. The poem teaches its readers a valuable lesson about anger. Anger has power over ones’ mind and actions. If a person holds in their feelings, especially anger, it can pull that person down emotionally as evident in the poem A Poison Tree. This poem written by William Blake describes the darker emotions such as anger, hatred and Schadenfreude. The poem refers to apple bright in the garden which may lead readersRead MoreApple765 Words   |  4 Pagesthe company building Tags: Apple online store sales strategy From the Direct and channel pricing strategy to retail and online stores, Apple in the consumer electronics company in a unique way different from other sales oftheir products . If you know the channel the meaning of the word, you know it is definitely not an easy thing. But it achieved, and very successful. This raises two interesting questions: First, other companies are able to sell the same as Apple, or Apples sales and channelRead MoreApple Watch And Apple Pay997 Words   |  4 PagesApple Watch and Apple Pay Apple CEO Cook announced his first new major product Apple Watch and Apple Pay on September 2014, and these products has established the Tim Cook era. 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Anyone would be able to use these products once he or she gets them in hand although they are revolutionary, high-tech magic boxes. A cold â€Å"ma sculine† aesthetic that spoke of maturity, rational technologyRead MoreApple s Speech : Apple1816 Words   |  8 Pageskeynote, which is mostly all about iPhone and IOS. This year we got to see some new amazing products that apple unveiled, iphon6 and plus, apple watch, apple pay to compete against their archrivals Samsung. The keynote took place in Cupertino, where Steve Jobs introduced the first Macintosh to the world. Every keynote that apple has always been exciting, but this one was little extra exciting. Apple introduced a lot of great products to the people that will make them happy and will make their lives better

Ethical Issues Concerning Organic Certification and...

Are we truly being ethical consumers by buying organic food products? Ethical issues concerning organic certification and labeling of the food we eat. Abstract This paper explores the ethical issues concerning the certification of organic food products. Consumers have a higher tendency to purchase food products labeled as organic due to their concern for the environment and other purposes intended by organic foods. As such, the organic food market has seen an increasing growth trend in sales. However, it has been uncovered that many companies that produce supposed organic foods do not truly conduct their production process as fittingly as proponents of organic food intended. In this case, consumers are not getting what they bargained†¦show more content†¦Yet studies show that as long as consumers see the word organic in the label or display of the agricultural product, they have a higher tendency to buy it. Although companies may claim that they have followed labeling and advertising standards and are thus not liable to whether customers are deceived by their placement of the word organic, the degree of consumers’ reliance o n word’s placement shows that actions ought to be taken to inform stakeholders more reliably. Organic Meat, Poultry and Eggs Consumers upset about the humane treatment of animals will especially purchase organic animal products, assuming that the organic certification is sufficient to appease their worries. However achieving the bare minimum standard accredits the organic certification from many regulators for many large livestock farms. For example, organic poultry farms are meant to have free-ranging chickens that are not cooped up in cages, but roaming around their natural environment, yet many of these ‘so-called’ farms interpret this as not having chickens in cages. They still pack thousands of birds into a confined space, stepping over each other’s carcasses and excrement. Other livestock receive similar treatment despite being from organic farms. The truly organic farms are usually small local farms that do not have the capacity to produce andShow MoreRelatedThe Genetic Modification Of Food1654 Words   |  7 PagesThe genetic modification of food is a very argue subject around the world founded by Monsanto, a company complex in geoponic technology, in the 1980’s (Wikipedia). Since then, many other companies have also started to alter their food to avoid using pesticides. Genetically modified foods as foods produced from organisms that have had specific changes introduced into their DNA using the methods of genetic engineering (Wikipedia). There are many different views concerning GMOs and quest the ideologicalRead MoreKraft Annual Report99993 Words   |  400 PagesKRAFT FOODS INC (KFT) 10-K Annual report pursuant to section 13 and 15(d) Filed on 02/28/2011 Filed Period 12/31/2010 UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 (Mark one) FORM 10-K [X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010 OR [ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 1-16483 Kraft Foods Inc. (ExactRead MoreHemp Cultivation in China42289 Words   |  170 Pagesof the International Hemp Association, Volume 2, Number 2, 1995 58 DEAR MEMBERSHIP First, we owe our readers and authors an apology for all of the typographic errors and other mistakes apparent in our last issue. Because of editorial staff changes and scheduling pressures, proof-reading of that issue after its preliminary page set-up was sorely inadequate. We hope you will agree that this issue has returned the JIHA to its previous editorial standards. The 1995 VIR/IHA Cannabis Germplasm PreservationRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesAssessment 46 Emotional Intelligence Assessment 47 The Defining Issues Test 48 v Cognitive Style Indicator 52 Locus of Control Scale 52 Tolerance of Ambiguity Scale 54 Core Self-Evaluation Scale (CSES) 56 SKILL LEARNING 57 Key Dimensions of Self-Awareness 57 The Enigma of Self-Awareness 58 The Sensitive Line 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 AttitudesRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagescurrently working on a book in applied mathematical statistics. He is the recipient of a distinguished teaching award from Cal Poly and is a Fellow of the American Statistical Association. In his spare time, he enjoys reading, cooking and eating good food, tennis, and travel to faraway places. He is especially proud of his wife, Carol, a retired elementary school teacher, his daughter Allison, who works for the Center for Women and Excellence in Boston, and his daughter Teri, who is ï ¬ nishing a graduate

The Value of Religion Essay - 1354 Words

The Value of Religion In the essay, â€Å"Is Religion Bad or Good?† John Stahl reveals his thoughts on how religion is not necessarily good even though it is supposed to be. He points out five different religions including Judaism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, and Quaker as he gathers his opinion on each. Stahl lets it be known that no religion is really bad, yet they all have their own errors. He stops to say that in his opinion, â€Å"both Jews and Moslems should evolve their religious beliefs,† and that his reasons for this is that it is a solution to the warfare in the Middle East. He observes that the â€Å"perfect† religion consists of a single God for all, but that it leads to peace, joy, and love at the middle. Stahl, in the end,†¦show more content†¦We live with our mom and she use to have to try her best to keep us going to church weekly but this task just got more and more difficult for her. Our church going started to slowly decrease, and it got to wher e we would rarely go at all. My point is, there are a lot of things that affect my youngest siblings behavior including the fact that they are adopted, have divorced parents, as well as meth babies; however, I feel that going to church and believing in a greater God takes the biggest role in that. Ashton and I have really good values; we were always the quieter kids who did not look for trouble. Even today, we do not get into trouble at all really. As for AubreeAnn and Zachary, they use to get into trouble quite a bit and even though they have other contributing factors, their morals are just so much more off balance of Ashton’s and myself, and I think the major contributor is religion. My reasoning for thinking this is because my mom has recently been sending them both to classes for church every Tuesday and go to church every Sunday and their behavior has slowly improved. Having a religious belief has always been the thing that makes me think twice before I actually d o something. I think about how it might affect me or others closes to me or what God would be thinking about if I actually followed through. Take for instance, lying to my parents, I learned at an early ageShow MoreRelatedThe Value Of Faith And Religion1479 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish II February 10, 2017 The Value of Faith and Religion We often take advantage of the First Amendment of the United States Constitution that states that we have the right to practice any religion we desire. It is a civil right many people do not appreciate nearly enough. We do not realize that people in other countries do not have this privilege. In other countries, innocent people are being persecuted, killed, and tortured because of their religion and their religious practices. 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Business Rationale for Diversity Managementâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Business Rationale For Diversity Management? Answer: Introduction CERA is one of the leading civil engineering consulting organizations based in Australia. The company was established in the year 2007. Since the establishment, the company management is enjoying highly profitable performances. The major vision of the organization is to lead the Australian civil engineering consulting industry through the integration of the quality strategic management approaches as well as the decision-making activities. The top-level officials at CERA focus on offering quality, structural and timely planning consulting services to the particular clients. However, the management has succeeded to launch a smart structure for the research and development professionals of the firms for better business management practices and activities. Most importantly, the firms always consider experienced staffs and employees in the decision-making process for better business performances. Despite the sustainable policy and strategy development processes, the human resource managem ent team of CERA is facing different strategy development related challenges as well as employee performance related challenges in the entire business operation management activities. Despite the development of different types of employee oriented strategy development activities, the decision makers of CERA is lacking effective diversity management and adequate employee management activities considering different cultural background and personality traits of the employees. According to the organizational policy, the decision makers of CERA always focus on the ideas of the employees to mitigate the possible risk factors as well as the ongoing organizational challenges. This particular report will significantly discuss different aspects related to the workplace diversity as well as human resource management activities. Discussion The Australian civil engineering consultation industry is competitive as well as saturated considering the growth of the business performances of the organizations as well as the growth of the challenges respectively. This is an important aspect of the management of the company to consider different types of strategic management approaches for the profitable business growth. Being one of the promising organizations within the Australian industry, the decision makers have developed some sustainable human resource management strategies in the business operation process. Moreover, the company also has developed a strong, skilled, competent and knowledgeable workforce. These are the major reasons behind the growing success rate of the organizations within the Australian civil engineering consulting industry (Adrichvi Yoon, 2014). Most importantly, the organizational decision makers of CERA has established and implemented these types of strategies in the trade management process for the purpose of the offering of differentiated and quality customer service to the target clients of the firm. In terms of the focus on the diversity management of the CEO of CERA, the human resource department of the company is facing some issues regarding the workplace diversity. This is indispensable for a company to implement cultural diversity in the workplace for better business management performances and business client satisfaction. The company already has developed a skilled workforce, but the lack of effective monitoring and lack of adequate approach towards the implementation of the cultural diversity management in the workplaces, the company is facing some critical challenges. All the senior employees of different organizational departments are responsible for effective deparemental performances (Beugelsdijk, 2010). This is identical that different employees and managers used to avail different thoughts and perceptions regarding the human resource management activities, employee engagement, employee management of the organization and decision making approaches. Rachel Amaro, the manager of the drafting office has different perceptions regarding employee engagement and workplace diversity. According to her, the human resource management of CERA has done several important activities and sustainable policy development processes, but some skilled manageress and senior employees are not that much satisfied and motivated due to lack of strong integration of the appropriate workplace cultural diversity and employee management. Therefore, the human resource management professionals, as well as the CEO of CERA, needs to adopt some important strategic management and sustainability approaches in the decision making and human resource strategy development process to overcome the possible challenges. The selected pathway and vision of the CEO for CERA is appropriate, but it is also vital for the CEO to evaluate whether the organization is getting success in maintaining workplace cultural diversity or not. Analysis and Assessment of Issues Related to Workplace Diversity Before going into the critical discussion and analysis, the researcher of this topic is responsible enough to introduce the concept of diversity. Diversity management of a company is recognized as a particular process of managing the similarities and differences of the employees within the particular company, which is developed based on the bunch of values. These values, differences and similarities are generally recognized as the effective strengths of a particular comp [any irrespective of different types of the business objective as well as any type of organizational culture and decision making an aspect of a company. Effective workplace diversity management assists a particular company to enhance knowledge management process (Bolman Deal, 2014). The multinational organizations used to face different types of diversity management issues, such as workplace inequality, employee management problems basis on the caste, culture, religion, gender, age group, wage rate etc. However, the human resource management of CERA is responsible for better workplace diversity management issues considering the employee engagement in the strategy establishment approaches for the better strategic outcome in the business management performance (Chen Huang, 2011). Despite the construction of the different types of sustainable human resource management values and the ethical approaches, the operation management team of CERA has identified several types of workplace diversity and employee performance management related issues. It can be argued from the above diagram that a particular company can ensure that the management is concerned about the workplace diversity through different organizational parameters, such as organizational values, mission, vision, goals, values, employee management processes, organizational culture etc. The organizational values, goals, objectives, culture, mission and vision of the company suggests that the human resource management, as well as top officials of CERA, are responsible for the effective workplace diversity management aspects. A company can adopt three different important types of the diversity management aspects in the business management activities. These three important types of the diversity management activities are strategic, operational and managerial. The human resource management along with the CEO of the company is rightly responsible for the maintaining of quality strategic and managerial diversity management activities (Collins, 2012). From the statement a nd perception of some employees, it has been identified that the management of the firm is facing some critical business operation challenges related to the operational diversity aspect as the management has failed to monitor the effectiveness of the operational diversity concept. Most importantly, the organization is committed for the employee engagement orientation in the strategy development process during the crisis period, but it has been alleged that top-level officials of the organization are facing some critical issues regarding providing effective employment opportunities to the experienced employees regarding performance appraisal and bonus distribution despite the existence of common performance bonus scheme for all the employees within the organization. Hence, it can be argued that the firm is facing operational issues and the CEO of CERA needs to monitor whether all the experienced stakeholders and employees are getting opportunities to participate in the strategy estab lishment process or not. This particular approach will easily assist the top-level decision makers to integrate into the operation management process for the better business outcomes. Impact of Human Resource Management Initiatives on Stakeholders The top-level leaders of CERA need to bring changes in the operation, managerial and strategic decision making orientation process of the company. The company is committed to taking sustainable employee management and workplace diversity approaches. Therefore, the company is strictly focused on some adequate leadership and value development approaches. Despite these facts, the human resource management professionals along with the employees of CERA are facing some challenges related to workplace diversity management processes. Hence, this is the prior responsibility of the human resource management officials of the company to take better sustainable measures to overcome the above-mentioned problems (Garud Gehman, 2016). Firstly, the human resource management professionals along with the top management officials need to recognize the job satisfaction and workplace motivation aspect of each and every employee employees irrespective of different cultural; orientation, different demographic factors and geographic factors (Giritli Oraz, 2014). Moreover, the decision makers of CERA need to include three important sections of the diversity management process in the human resource management strategic approaches, such as operational diversity management, managerial diversity management approaches as well as strategic diversity management approaches (Fransen et al. 2013). Consideration of these particular diversity management approaches can easily assist the organizational leaders of CERA to realize the major problems and demands of the important employees as long as employees are the real growth drivers of an organization like CERA within the Australian go to civil engineering consultation industry. This i s the major and prior human resource management aspect, which needs to be considered by the human resource department of the organization (Johns, 2008). Secondly, the human resource department needs to employ stakeholders engagement approaches in the strategy construction process of CERA as is it is accepted that stakeholders are an important part of a company. In addition, the stakeholder engagement approach can assist the human resource management professionals of CERA to ensure quality management processes in the business decision making activities, which will help CERA to recognize the demands and satisfaction level of the skilled employees of CERA. Most importantly, CERA needs to consider the stakeholder engagement approach in the business management process for better integrity, sustainability and corporate governance. The implication of the strategic, operation and managerial diversity management approach always needs to support of stakeholders. In order to do so, the organizational leaders and human resource management professionals of CERA need to engage employees and other important stakeholders in the decision-making proce ss. These inclusions and stakeholder integration aspect can effectively enhance the stakeholder value and stakeholder support aspect (Leonard Lang, 2010). The two above mentioned suggestions are related to the bringing and implementing changes in the workplace environment process. Most importantly, the human resource management professionals of CERA need to ensure some quality business management processes for better business outcome and consideration of the changes need some kinds of strategic support from the human resource management departments of the organization. Hence, lastly, the human resource management professionals of CERA needs to implement the Kurt Lewins change management model in the business management activities for the better change management in a workplace environment and adequate business outcome. Consideration of this particular change management in the entire business management activities will also assist the top level officials along with the human resource management professionals to enhance sustainable workplace changes, which will contribute to the mitigation of the challenges related to possible workplace diversity issues (Lunenburg, 2011). Thirdly, the change management model proposed by Kurt Lewin can be implemented for better diversity, stakeholder engagement and other change implication process. This change management model comprised of three important elements, such as unfreeze, change or freeze and refreeze. In the first stage, the CEO along with the human resource professionals of CERA need to adopt some important strategic management approaches and takes initiatives for the changes. Apart from these, in the unfreeze section; the leaders and d decision makers also need to be aware of what to be changed and how to change. Freeze or change is regarded as the second elements of this particular change management model and in this particular model, the top managers are responsible for communicating with the important stakeholders to participate in change management process (Mohr et al. 2012). In this process, effective communication with the stakeholders is an important responsibility of the human resource management professionals of a company. In addition, the human resource management professionals of CERA need to maintain a strong relationship with the stakeholders to effectively respond to the changing workplace environment. In the last stage, the important stakeholders and the human resource professionals need to refreeze the change management strategy collaboratively if they find out that the particular adopted strategy is not good for the management of the firm. Hence, in the refreeze stage, the communication is important for the employees. Therefore, it can be expressed that the human resource management professionals of CERA needs to adopt some important steps in the decision making processes, such as operation diversity management process, stakeholder engagement process and change management process to assist the important stakeholders of CERA to effectively respond to the changed workplace environment of CERA (Mooman, 2012). Relationship between Human Resource Strategies and Organizational Strategies Lastly, the researcher needs to analyze the important relationship between the human resource strategy and organizational strategy. This discussion will be based on the business performance and business operation process of CERA considering the important case facts. This has been identified that CERA has developed several sustainable and highly valued organizational and business operation process policies (Raducan, 2014). The human resource management professionals, as well as the decision makers of CERA, need to ensure the importance of the effective relationship between the human resource strategy and organizational strategy. Organizational strategy is nothing but the organizational objectives of a company, which reflects through the business objectives, organizational mission, organizational vision and corporate values. Alternatively, the human resource strategies can be considered as the managing of human resources by considering quality employee management activities, such as pe rformance management, performance appraisal, wage distribution, reward distribution, job satisfaction, workplace motivation and workplace diversity. Overall, it is acceptable that the effective human resource management strategies will generally assist the human resource management and decision makers of the company to meet the developed business operation management objectives quite adequately. Effective human resource management strategies can motivate the employees and effective decision makers to follow the certain values and principles to ensure positive business outcome (Teeratansirikool et al. 2013). In the case of CERA, it can be accepted that the management has constructed different types of adequate corporate values and sustainable business objectives. Therefore, this is the major responsibility of the firm to attend to this particular business operation management approaches. The organizational management needs to adopt the above mentioned strategies in the trade management process for the better business outcome as these particular approaches will significantly assist to meet the developed business objectives. It will also help to mitigate the workplace diversity-related challenges (Wilson, 2014). Conclusion CERA is one of the popular and leading go to civil engineering professional consultancy firm and the management has successfully developed a strong client base. Most importantly, the human resource management professionals, as well as the decision makers of CERA, have developed some important strategic approaches for sustainable business outcome keeping the employee engagement in mind. However, the firm has failed to management adequate workplace diversity to a some extent and the organization is highly responsible for this particular aspect due to poor monitor in., Therefore, it is recommended that the human resource management professionals along with the decision makers should integrate diversity management, change management and stakeholder engagement in decision development approaches for better sustainability and mitigation of the ongoing workplace sustainability-related challenges. References Ardichvii, A., Yoon, W. S. (2014). Designing Integrative Knowledge Management Beugelsdijk, S. (2010). Strategic Human Resource Practices and Product Innovation. Harvard Bolman, L., Deal, T. (2014). Leadership and management. Christian Youth Work in Theory and Practice: A Handbook,12(1), 245. Business Review, 29(8), 820-847. Chen, C., Huang, J. (2011).. Strategic human resource practices and innovation Collins, D. B. (2012). The effectiveness of managerial leadership development programs: A meta-analysis of studies from 1982-2001.Asia pacific Journal of Human Resource Management, 1(1), 256-312. Fransen, J., Weinberger, A., Kirschner, (2013). Team effectiveness and team development in CSCL. Harvard Business Review, 48(1), 9-24. Garud, R., Gehman, J. (2016). Theory evaluation, entrepreneurial processes, and performativity. Academy of Management Review, 41(3), 544-549. Giritli, H., Oraz, G. (2014). Leadership styles: some evidence from the Turkish construction industry. Construction Management and Economics, 22(3), 253-262. Human Resources, 11(3), 307-320. Johns, G. (2008). Organizational Behavior at Contemporary Era. A Journal of Human Leonard, H. S., Lang, F. (2010). Leadership Development via action learning. Advances in developing human resources, 20(10), 1-16. Lunenburg, F. (2011). Leadership versus management: a key distinctionat least in theory.International Journal of Industry Relations, 14(1), 1-4. Management, 2(3), 10. Mohr, D., Young, G., Burgess Jr, J. (2012). Employee turnover and operational performance: the moderating effect of group?oriented organisational culture. Human Resource Management Journal, 22(2), 216-233. Mooman, L. (2012). Organizational Behavior and Culture. A Journal of Occupational and Organizational management, 1(1), 17. performance-The mediating role of knowledge management capacity. 62(1), 104-114. Raducan, R. (2014). Leadership and Management. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 149(1), 808-812. Resource Planning, 12(8), 7. Systems: Theoretical Considerations and Practical Applications. Advances in Developing Teeratansirikool, L., Siengthai, S., Badir, Y., Charoenngam, C. (2013). Competitive strategies and firm performance: the mediating role of performance measurement. International Journal of Personnel Psychology 62(2), 168-184. Wilson, R. (2014). Organizational Behavior. Asia pacific Journal of Human Resource

Over

Introduction Human beings learn their environment by perceiving the processes of nature in order to imitate and manipulate them. An experiment done on the imitative capacity of human beings shows that children learn their environment better by imitating novel actions performed by the adults. Since children learn by imitation, they can over-imitate unnecessary actions that adults perform in the process of achieving certain goals.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Over-imitative Behaviour of Children specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More â€Å"Children have been observed to over-imitate, or to reproduce an adult’s obviously irrelevant actions in several different contexts, even in situations where chimpanzees correctly ignored the unnecessary steps† (Lyons, Young, Keil, 2007, p. 19751). Since cognitive capacity of the children is greater than that of chimpanzees, it implies that over-imitation is due to nor m learning. Therefore, norm learning explains better the over-imitative behaviours in children. Summary of Empirical Studies Empirical studies reveal that, over-imitative behaviours in children are due to demands of social norms. In the first empirical study, an experimenter conducted a novel experiment involving retrieval of marble balls from a transparent experimental set up. The experimenter demonstrated severally how to retrieve the marble balls through a process with unnecessary actions for 4-year-old children to imitate. After demonstration, the children imitated the process of retrieving a marble ball, and the experimenter noted keenly if children could precede unnecessary actions when retrieving marble balls. â€Å"Of the other 16, 13 performed the unnecessary action †¦compatible with the hypothesis that children have a declarative belief that the dial should be turned before retrieving the object, a belief that can be flexibly used to determine appropriate behaviourâ €  (Kenward, Karlsson, Persson, 2010, p. 4). Since novel apparatus were transparent, the children could have avoided unnecessary actions while retrieving the marbles. The normative learning made the children to over-imitate unnecessary actions of the experimenter. In second empirical study, the experimenter taught children how to manipulate a puppet by doing both necessary and unnecessary actions. Two groups of children, recognizing group and inventing group, manipulated the puppet according to the demonstration based on ostensive communication and incidental observation respectively.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to the findings, â€Å"†¦young 3-year-old children jumped to a normative interpretation of an adult action based mainly on the way it was performed in terms of its intentionality, and possibly conventionality† (Schmidt, Rakoczy, Tomasello, 2010, p.5). The results imply that children over-imitate actions as norms necessary for achieving intended objectives when manipulating a puppet. The study also found out that children over-imitate actions more in recognizing environment as compared to the inventing environment. Thus, observation is very critical in development of normative behaviours by the children. In the third empirical study, the experimenter trained 5-year old children on how to retrieve a dinosaur toy from a container while doing both necessary and unnecessary actions. The experimenter then taught children to identify the necessary and unnecessary actions in readiness for the next experiment where they could differentiate the two actions. In the test experiment, the experimenter brought a complex container with turtle and instructed the children to retrieve a turtle using necessary actions only. Surprisingly, most children continually repeated the unnecessary actions during the short process of retrieving turtle m eaning that, they had normatively observed the process of retrieving dinosaur. According to Lyons, Young, and Keil, â€Å"directly warning participants to ignore unnecessary actions failed to attenuate over-imitation because despite deliberately monitoring for irrelevant steps, children continued to over-imitate as frequently as they did in training experiment† (2007, p.19755). These findings prove that over-imitative behaviour springs from the tendency of children to perceive actions as norms that require compliance. Discussion and Integration of Empirical Research and Theoretical Research The experiment involving retrieval of marble balls from transparent experimental set up clearly demonstrates how children over-imitated experimenter by performing unnecessary actions. The strengths of the experiment lie in the fact that there are no assumptions regarding the participants or the experiment itself. Furthermore, the study also empirically illustrates how children can effectiv ely over-imitate unnecessary actions without any external influence that can confound the results; therefore, the experiment is very simple for a 5-year old child to comprehend.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Over-imitative Behaviour of Children specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nevertheless, the weakness of the research lies in the questions directed at the 5-year-old children. The children are too young to give coherent verbal reasons regarding necessary and unnecessary actions. The experimenter questions the children whether they can perform unnecessary actions and how they can avoid unnecessary questions. These questions are very complex for the children because they do not fully comprehend the whole process; they just over-imitate actions of the experimenter. Hence, verbal answers from 5-year old children are not credible since their cognitive ability cannot allow them to give consistent and true answers to the questions. In the puppet experiment, its strengths are in the comparative study of recognizing and inventing group as the experiment revealed that children learn better through observation rather than through their own rational abilities. As a weakness, manipulation of the puppet is very complex for the 3-year old children to comprehend. In the dinosaur retrieval experiment, though children learned in advance to differentiate relevant and irrelevant actions, they were able to repeat irrelevant actions despite the experimenter’s instructions to avoid such actions; hence the strength of the experiment. The experiment proved that over-imitative behaviours of children lie in norm learning. However, the weakness rests on the fact that the experimenter over instructed the children during training and testing experiment, which might have influenced the outcome of the experiment. Discussion and Integration of Evidence with My Arguments The study supports the argument that, norm learning explains better the over-imitative behaviour in children since the experiment empirically illustrates how children perform both necessary and unnecessary actions in order to achieve certain goals. The children do not question the process that the experimenter follows since they perceive them as critical actions that leads to the ultimate objective. As a norm, children adapt adult behaviours because they assume that whatever adults do is right and worth imitating. To the children, every action, whether necessary or unnecessary for achieving specific objectives, is taken as integral part of the whole process since social norms are diverse for a child to differentiate between relevant and irrelevant actions/behaviours. Since children are still young with little experiences in different kinds of actions that they perform, they obtain their experiences by keenly observing actions of the adults. Therefore, over-imitative behaviour emanate from the desire to comply with social nor ms that determine one’s rewards or punishment.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, children think that their compliance with norms enables them to earn rewards rather than punishments from their adults. Hence, perceptions of actions from the normative point of view have made children become over-imitative even in unnecessary actions that do not require much rationalization. Discussion of the Key Issues Two schools of thought, norm learning and distorted causal learning, try to explain over-imitative behaviour in children. Norm learning assumes that children do not use their cognitive abilities when imitating adults, which makes them to over-imitate even unnecessary actions that have no meaning in achieving certain objectives. The norm learning perspective of explaining the over-imitative behaviour needs to consider and integrate cognitive abilities of the children because they reason before performing necessary and unnecessary actions. According to Lyons, Young, and Keil â€Å"Children who observe an adult intentionally manipulating a novel object have a strong tendency to encode all of the adult’s actions as causally meaningful, implicitly revising their causal understanding of the object accordingly† (2007, p.19751). This argument implies that children not only imitate actions and behaviours due to social norms, but also due to the cognitive ability to code and over-imitate. Distorted causal learning on the other hand assumes that over-imitative behaviours come from the cognitive coding of behaviours and actions. Lyons, Young and Keil argue that, â€Å"children treat the purposeful actions that adults direct toward novel objects as a source of privileged causal information, automatically encoding those actions as causally meaningful even when there is clear visible evidence to the contrary† (2007, p.19752). Distorted causal learning neglects the influence of social factors such as norms and interests towards certain actions that children have. There is possibility that children are superficially over-imitati ng the actions thinking that they are rules of a game because games have many unnecessary actions that need compliance for the sake of fun. Since children like games and fun, over-imitation may be part of social interaction that leads to fun and merry making. Thus, it is not enough to attribute over-imitation to the distorted causal learning. Conclusion Norm learning explains best the cause of over-imitative behaviours observed in children. The marble retrieval experiment clearly illustrates how children over-imitate unnecessary actions while retrieving marbles from the experimental set up. Over-imitation of unnecessary actions implies that children have normative tendency in following instructions of the adults with view that there are right and wrong actions. Children view adults as source of morals and whatever they do is unquestionable, hence over-imitating their actions and behaviours. In a recap, over-imitation has formed the basis of learning throughout the process of human e volution. References Kenward, B., Karlsson, M., Persson, J. (2010). Over-imitation is Better Explained by Norm Learning than by Distorted Causal Learning. Proceedings of the  Royal Society. 1-9 Lyons, D., Young, A., Keil, F. (2007). The Hidden Structure of Over-imitation.  Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences, 104(50), 19751-19756. Schmidt, M., Rakoczy, H., Tomasello, M. (2010). Young Children Attribute Normativity To Novel actions without Pedagogy or Normative Language. Developmental Science, 1-10. This essay on Over-imitative Behaviour of Children was written and submitted by user Michaela Reeves to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Over

How to Study for a Test or Final Exam

How to Study for a Test or Final Exam The end of the term is drawing near, and that means final exams are looming. How can you give yourself an edge this time around? The most important thing you can do is give yourself plenty of time to prepare. Then follow this simple plan: 1) Study2) Test yourself with a practice test3) Discover your weak areas4) Study again5) Test yourself again That’s the simplified version. For really great results on your finals: Science Says Start Early There are many recent studies that show  that it is important to study in stages. The findings say that its best to  start early and give your brain a rest, then study again. If youre preparing for a comprehensive exam, gather together all the material you’ve received during the term. You probably have handouts, notes, old assignments, and old tests. Don’t leave anything out. Read through your class notes twice. Some things will sound familiar and some things will sound so unfamiliar you’ll swear they were written by somebody else. That’s normal. After you study all your notes for a term, try to come up with themes that connect all of the material. Establish a Study Group or Partner Schedule at least one meeting time with a study partner or study group. If you absolutely can’t get together, then exchange email addresses. Instant messages will work well, too. Invent and use learning games with your group. You could also consider communicating through an online forum like the Homework / Study Tips forum. Use Old Tests Collect your old exams from the year (or semester) and make a photocopy of each one. Whiteout the test answers and copy each one again. Now you have a set of practice tests. For best results, you should make several copies of each old exam and keep taking the tests until you score perfectly on each one. Note: You can’t white out the answers on the original, or you won’t have an answer key! Build Up Your Class Notes Organize your notes by date (do the best you can if you didn’t date your pages) and make note of any missing dates/pages. Get together with a study partner or group to compare notes and fill in any missing material. Don’t be too surprised if you missed key information from the lectures. Everybody zones out once in a while. After you organize your new set of notes, underline any keywords, formulas, themes, and concepts. Make yourself a new practice test with fill-in sentences and term definitions. Print out several tests and practice several times. Ask the members of your study group to make practice tests as well. Then swap. Re-Do Your Old Assignments Gather any old assignments and re-do the exercises. Many textbooks have exercises at the end of every chapter. Review those until you can answer every question with ease. Use Different Textbooks If you’re studying for a math or science exam, find another textbook or study guide that covers the same material that you’ve studied this term. You can find used books at yard sales, used book stores, or in the library. Different textbooks will provide you with different explanations. You might find one that makes something clear for the first time. Other textbooks can also give you a new twist or fresh questions on the same material. Thats exactly what your teacher will do on the final! Invent Your Own Essay Questions For history, political science, literature, or any theory class, focus on themes. Read your notes again and mark anything that looks like it would serve well as an essay question. Which terms make good comparisons? For example, what terms could a teacher use as a â€Å"compare and contrast† question? Try coming up with your own long essay questions by comparing two similar events or similar themes. Have your friend or study partner come up with essay questions and compare.

Case Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Case Report - Assignment Example One major factor that has contributed to the emergence of Apple as the global market leader in consumer electronics is a paradigm shift that took the company in a whole new direction (Parr, 1992). The new paradigm is founded on the principle that an organization’s management must focus on two most important facts. Firstly, there is need to focus on finding out what is valuable for customers in terms of the products and services that an organization has to offer (Parr, 1992). Secondly the management has to be involved in the process of creating as well as continuous improvement of the organization’s super system (Parr, 1992). As such, Apple’s management has been effective in all these aspects in terms of bringing the company to a desired future as well as endearing itself to the customers. Therefore, Apple’s SWOT analysis from the case study can be assessed as follows, among the company’s strengths include having a well informed and robust management that has taken a leading role in driving forward the company’s agenda. Similarly, The Company has a huge workforce that is highly skilled and capable of implementing the firm’s strategic plan. On the other hand, the company’s operation has also faced challenges due to the company’s weaknesses, including its expensive products that are often out of reach for most customers. Furthermore, the company’s systems are incompatible with other available systems, making it quite difficult for one to adopt a new system from Apple. Among the company’s opportunities include the growing market share, ability t o maintain an innovative culture and the company’s position as the market leader. Conversely, several threats such as emerging competition and substitute products can also affect the company‘s

History and Swot analyses of Thailand Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History and Swot analyses of Thailand - Essay Example , and later in the 19th century, the Chinese immigrants began to control the rice mills and other trades in Thailand (Baker, Baker and Phongpaichit, 2009, p.33). The Chinese people got perfectly assimilated into Thai culture and the Thai people adopted Chinese culture as a part of Thai culture (Baker, Baker and Phongpaichit, 2009, p.101). A quarter of the Thai population presently is of Chinese origin (Baker, Baker and Phongpaichit, 2009, p.101). The European entry into Thailand had a great impact on Thai culture and life ((Baker, Baker and Phongpaichit, 2009, p.41). The Siamese monarchy and its government had many trade agreements with European traders ((Baker, Baker and Phongpaichit, 2009, p.41). The Thai courts were supplied â€Å"weapons and luxury† by these traders ((Baker, Baker and Phongpaichit, 2009, p.41). The material success that accompanied Christianity was a new idea for Thai people because according to the Thai Budhist religion, people were bound by the eventualities of fate (Baker, Baker and Phongpaichit, 2009, p.41). The European trade mobilized a market economy in Thailand (Baker, Baker and Phongpaichit, 2009, p.43). Though Britain and France had secret plans to accede certain parts of Thailand to their territories, the German expansionist move compelled these two nations to rally together against Germany and the result was a clear demarcation of Thailand’s boundaries by these nations through t reaties signed â€Å"between 1902 and 1909† (Baker, Baker and Phongpaichit, 2009, p.61). More significantly the weapon trade of Europeans acted as a catalyst in replacing the monarchy, and transforming Thailand into a nation ruled by military (Baker, Baker and Phongpaichit, 2009, p.99). The growth of the military was so phenomenal that â€Å"military expenditure rose from 1 million baht in 1898 to 13 million in 1909-1910 (Baker, Baker and Phongpaichit, 2009, p.99). Along with many other effects, the presence of Europeans had a bearing also on the clothing of

We see and understand things not as they are but as we are

We see and understand things not as they are but as we are We see and understand things not as they are but as we are. Discuss this claim in at least two ways of knowing. When the theory of knowledge teacher asked a student in the class to examine and describe a paper flower, he boldly described it as soft, weak and small. I also examined the same paper flower and came up with an understanding that the flower is small, weak and soft. This was because we both were observing the same thing. This observation leads to a hypothesis that the existence of knowledge without human minds is not possible. If in that instant of time one of us would unfold the paper flower and make a paper boat to run it on the water surface in a bucket, we both would have mentioned the differences. This assertion points out our ways of acquiring knowledge. Is it worth saying that human mind understands the world and its phenomenon according to the knowledge being saved in to it earlier. Does culture has impacts in the way humans see and understand? Do people of different religions experience the same reality? Through this essay I shall try to look at the above mentioned problems of knowing and come up with an argument that humans do see and understand things not as they (things) are but as we (humans) are. Famously quoted by N. R. Hanson Two third of what we see is behind our eyes. I myself agree with the title of the essay that I see and understand things not as they are but as I am. But why? We wouldnt have any knowledge of the outside world without our perception. For example a person from a different culture than ours would misunderstand the purpose of a finger bowl with a flower petal at a dining table and perceive it as a bowl of soup. The main issue here is that a same thing is perceived differently by different observers due to various aspects in their lives. These perceptions are often strongly influenced by our experiences and memories, religion, personality, culture and even gender. Plato defined knowledge as Justified True Belief. According to the definition, the more justification we can provide for a particular belief, the knowledge constructed from the fact will be easier to understand. Mostly the knowledge human value primarily is based on cultural backgrounds and past knowledge. For example dogs will always scare a man if he has been bitten by dog in the childhood while some people on the other hand have dogs as pets and loves them as their own children. One of the main issues of knowledge in this context would be to explore the question that states that do emotions affect the way we see and understand things? First of all, I must mention that the ways of getting knowledge from emotions are facial expressions, tone of voice or tears. For example if I drag literature into the essay and take a look at the Slumdog Millionaire. There comes a point in the story when the character Jamal witnesses his girlfriend getting rapped. Jamal finds this act of violence more hurtful to himself instead of finding it hurting to his friend. Jamal sees himself as the victim because of the pain he is getting just by hearing the voices and runs from the scene. But in reality his refusal to help his friend makes him as accused of the crime as the perpetrator. The point of interest in this example is that Jamal saw the situation through his mind and his emotions did not let him see the actual reality. So he saw the whole situation as he was, not as the reali ty was. Another example in this context could be a student who is very intelligent but is held down in the class because he is deemed to be selfish. In his point of view he is strong and independent and has great integrity that is why he never bows to altruism. But other students criticize him because of this attitude. Sacrifice of self is highly appreciated in some cultures but in others self reliance is honored the most. This also points me back to the question of the essay and concludes that culture plays a significant role in what we see and how we perceive it. Religion also plays a part in the perception of people. For example Muslims are not allowed to eat pork and they have religious justifications to prove their belief but for the rest of the world it is quite normal to eat pork and they serve it both at their national and holy events. Therefore a same event in time and space cannot be perceived by same point of view by particular group of people. These three examples led me to concl ude that perception is so strongly influenced by emotions, culture and religion that people see the reality as they are not as the reality is. Sometimes one comes across knowledge that seems authentic but that is not true. I will quote the 4th century BCconcept that the earth is flat. Lack of equipment and modern technology lead ancient scientists to claim this hypothesis. The scientists justified this hypothesis by saying that if earth was not flat; rather sphere then the things on the curved surface of the earth would slide and fall down. Moreover they also justified that the earth appears to be flat even viewed from a high altitude. Since their conclusion (justifications) made sense to the people of that era, so they considered this knowledge valuable. But with the passage of time, scientists realized that earth is spherical instead of flat. They justified this belief by showing the fact that if earth was flat then all the bodies in the sky should be visible at the same time for all parts of the surface. Also when a ship disappears in the horizon justifies that the earth is sphere. These justifications were not enough fo r old believers of flat earth. Advancement in science and technology made humans land on moon. When astronauts showed pictures of earth taken from the surface of moon, people started believing the new knowledge. Pictures served as proof for the belief. Even in the presence of these strong reasoning some old religious scientists deny the fact and are still proving their old knowledge. They believe that in such cases pictures can serve as propaganda. Knowledge based on photographs could be biased or subjective. Thus this example shows that the knowledge that people value the most is the one with their own concrete justifications based on the circumstances or the previous knowledge. But how can we know what could be close to reality? Photographs are a ladder to reach knowledge, they dont serve knowledge. They can be manipulated for various purposes as in this example; photographs taken from moon can be a source of propaganda for the country first reached at moon. There also exists knowledge that has similar outcomes yet people do not agree with it. I will take ghosts as example. Spiritual scholars have played a key role in showing existence of ghosts. They showed religious references, pictures, videos and people who can approve their existence but majority of the people do not believe this because they are not able to show their justification to the rest of the world. If I consider myself, I personally believe in ghosts because my religion has strong justifications for that. But those justifications are very weak for the non believers. So when I see a person screaming at night or walking in sleep I consider it as influence of some ghost because this is what my religion and culture taught me. On the other hand modern science has showed evidence to many sicknesses in which a sleeping person might walk and even go to graveyard to remember the dead ones. So a doctor will see this situation completely differently than anyone from old South Asian s ociety. This is also an example of different perception of the same event. The whole discussion in this essay leads me to conclude than more the justifications, more reliable the belief is. But sometimes even justifications and proofs fail to convince people. Forexample we see a toothpick is embedded in chocolate dipped strawberries. A person with good socio economic background knows the purpose of this toothpick that is lifting the strawberry without getting hands dirty. On the other hand a person with less social status might see the toothpick as a cleaning tool that is used right after one has eaten the strawberries. So this whole discussion can be concluded by saying that knowledge that is most valuable depends on person to person. The knowledge that satisfies ones belief, emotions and actions is valued to him. Thus for him that particular knowledge is most valuable. But if we think logically, then there is no doubt that strong justifications (as in science) make the argument more valuable. As said by David Hume (1711-76) Reason is always and everywhere the slave of the passions

Wisdom of Parents in the Poem, Photograph of My Father In His Twenty-Second Year :: Photograph of My Father In His Twenty-Second Year

Wisdom of Parents in the Poem, Photograph of My Father In His Twenty-Second Year We have all grown up hearing our parent's advice "Do as I say, not as I do". When your parents give this advice you do not always listen at first, but later on in life you may catch yourself using it. I believe it is very important value, respect and listen to what your parent's say; their experience with life is their major tool in shaping their children into adults. Parents have lived life longer than their children that is a fact. And what they have gained is wisdom. Through out their lives they have learned from their personal experience and can use these experiences to try and guide their children in the right direction in a similar experience. In the poem "A Song In The Front Yard" (Gwendoly Brooks, Bridges 44) it gives us a picture of a child wanting to explore more of the world than her parents think she should. "I've stayed in the front yard all my life,"(Line 1) this line tells us that the child was a little sheltered. Not able to go out of the front yard the child was kept in away from the rest of the world. "I want a peek at the back" (Line 2) in this line the child wants to explore more than just the front yard, just to go into the back yard would be great. "To where the charity children play. I want a good time today. They do some wonderful things. They have some wonderful fun. (Lines 8-10) In these lines they show how the child sees the surroundings outside the fence. The child sees that the other children are doing fun things that the child wishes he or she could do. He or she sees the activities of the other children as wonderful. The other children are probably doing things that the child in the front yard doesn't get to do. "My mother sneers, but I say it's fine how they don't have to go in at quarter to nine. My mother, she tells me that Johnnie Ma will grow up to be a bad woman." (Lines 11-14) In these lines the poet depicts the mother's feelings of the other children. She doesn't think that they are the best crowd for her child to be influenced by or maybe the activities they are doing are quite appropriate.

Opportunity to make this film Essay

â€Å"Let him have it, Chris† are the words used by Derek. The audience could interpret this statement in two different ways – as an instruction to shoot or as a request to hand the weapon over. The audience is led to believe that Bentley meant the latter, but Craig interprets the line in the first way. He fires at the detective, wounding him in the shoulder. The impulsive movement of the camera and the unmistakeable sound of a gunshot are both used, with great effect, to scandalize the audience. The detective then retreats for cover, verbally and physically abusing Derek, â€Å"Have you got a fucking gun, too, eh? † He pushes him hard against the wall using his own body as a ram. This may have been to increase his levels of cover, reducing a possible target, but the audience think of it as intimidating Derek. The detective then proceeds to caution Bentley, but groans with pain before he can finish. He then finds the knuckle duster Bentley is carrying, a present from Craig. He seems to blame Bentley, forcing him against the wall, causing the audience to feel sorry for him even though what he has done is clearly wrong. The next scene is showing Craig reloading his weapon behind an access point to the roof. After each round he loads into the magazine, a police officer is shown in a police station being handed a gun before running out of shot. This gives the viewers the impression that each round in Craig’s weapon is meant for that particular officer. This again makes the audience feel that he’s there to kill, not just to get away, condemning him as some sort of maniac. The next thing shown is Chris firing randomly into the air as he moves closer to the camera. It shows him as being much more confident than before, as though this event was his rite of passage, his destiny. His teeth are clenched, ready for war and he wears a crazy smile, as though he is indeed insane. This confidence is not shared by Bentley, however, who is shown to be scared and worried. Later on, the same actions are taking place but as Craig walks amongst the skylights on the roof they light up, signifying that police were now inside the building. Police are shown to be in the very stairwell that Derek and the DC are hiding behind. An officer approaches the door, but before he can open it, another says â€Å"Here, let me†. This is ironic as the next sequence of events will show. The colour inside this tiny room is once again gold, annotating these characters as friendly. As the first officer jumps out from the door to join up with his colleague he is immediately shot by Craig. As this happens, the speed of the film slows, showing you the full gore of the fall the policeman has to take. The music then turns low as if to say ‘that wasn’t a good idea†¦ ‘. As DC Fairfax runs inside shouting â€Å"Get me a fucking gun†, Derek wanders to the body. The camera then switches to a different shot, this one as though the audience are in Derek’s head. The camera tentatively swoops from normal eye level to the body and then back up. He then gazes back at Craig, muttering â€Å"You shot him†. â€Å"Stay back†. At this point the audience does know that Craig has turned into a maniac, rejecting one of his friends. Two officers then grab Derek and use him as a shield to retreat back to the stairs. This makes Bentley appear as just a tool rather than a person, the police regarding him as a means to an end rather that an end in itself. â€Å"You bastard† uttered a police officer lingering in the stairwell as the two grasped him in a head – lock. Now the door was open the colour inside the building had changed, or been infected with the chilling blue. Because of that the police had changed from someone the audience could trust into someone to be wary of. Meanwhile, Craig continues to fire randomly into the air, shouting abuse at the people present, â€Å"You ain’t getting up here that way copper†, â€Å"Come on then, I’m only sixteen†. This action shows the audience his insanity and the amount of courage he has because this statement makes the audience believe that he feels he can take on the world. Eventually DC Fairfax re-emerges with a revolver too. He bides his time, waiting behind the cover of the stairwell. After a burst of fire, the audience hear a click. It is clear to all but Craig what this means. Fairfax advances, into no – man’s land, ready to face off his opponent. â€Å"Stay back†, says Chris, pointing the gun at the detective. But he continues to advance. Click. Click, Click. Craig’s out of ammunition. He begins to step backwards, away from Fairfax. In a desperate attempt to end it, Craig turns the gun on himself and pulls the trigger, braced for impact. Click Click Click. He now begins to whimper, Fairfax pushing him further and further away. In a last – ditch attempt, Craig summersaults from the roof onto a nearby greenhouse. The siege had ended. Throughout the whole of the scene, chilling blue was used to amplify the feeling of dread the audience are already feeling. This case is well publicised in all types of media, although not all sources sympathise with Derek. The Daily mail, the best selling newspaper at the time, printed a highly sensationalised and inaccurate report which claims Craig was in possession of a sten gun, a fully automatic weapon of devastating proportions. After the â€Å"battle† they report a heroic chase of the gunmen, over rooftops and down fire escapes. This relates to the film well, as this is biased, but on the part of the police, a normal response to murder. Another curious aspect of the investigation is whether Bentley actually even said the words that eventually killed him. During the trial, Craig denied the words were said. One police officer confirmed this in his statement, writing, â€Å"I did not write it down because I did not hear it. I did not hear it down because it was not said†. Claude Pain’s statement was later lost by police. Controversy still shrouds this topic, and, indeed, the whole court case’s truth. It has been suggested in the book ‘Let Him Have It, Chris’ by M. J. Trow that the words that hung Bentley may have been ‘borrowed’ from the case of Rex V. Appleby who was hung for inciting his accomplice to kill a policeman by shouting â€Å"Let him have it, he is all alone†. Did the police believe what had hung Appleby would hang Bentley? These statements point out yet more bias acts to swing the trial in favour of the police. It seems that there is much biased activity within the real life events as well as the film. While the director has chosen that the character should say these words, he has ignored the fact the police constable killed on the roof, Sydney Miles, was a father of two. This may have been omitted so as not to prevent the audience feeling sympathy towards Derek and even some sympathy towards Chris. The next scene is after the court case and the sentence has been passed. The family has campaigned Bentley’s innocence and found many to believe this too. The trial, too, has been uncovered as a sham. It is discovered that Derek has the mental age of eleven and should never have been tried. Victory seems almost certain for the Bentley’s, but their pleas for a pardon have been rejected. Many feel this an injustice. The scene starts with Derek’s father walking out, into his street, and looking around in despair. Although this action is shown for a mere two seconds, if that, a lot can be deduced. His pace is slow, his face pensive. As he walks out, the postman greets him with just one letter, a great deal less than days before. The camera zooms out, to reveal the street empty. This creates a sense of solace, that no-one is there to support the family. The roads are lined with decaying leaves, a sign that Derek is missed, for it was his job to clear them up. Their position is important, too. They are all in the gutter, suggesting that the father, like the leaves, is in the gutter too. The leaves are also dying, a subliminal message of what’s to come. The next event is the constant switching of shot from the cell of Derek to the family’s sitting room with them all gathered round, supporting each other. Nothing happens during these scenes, but the family is shown expressing their emotions. The use of this technique shows a direct link between them and Derek. Once again, Derek, or at least his face, is bathed in an almost angelic light. Close ups of everyone’s faces are used to convey just how much emotion he family are feeling. This technique also causes the audience to feel their sadness with the family, as though they were a member of that family. The section following that is of Bentley sitting down, crouched forward, over himself like an animal trying to protect itself. The vicar is reciting the Lord’s Prayer and Derek is saying as much as he can. This action suggests he now has no-one that can help him but God. He has stopped denying the inevitable and has accepted it. Gold is the predominant colour in this scene, warming the characters involved as though they are saints. The prayer is also what was said by the little girl before she spots Craig and Bentley climbing over the gates of the factory. This provides a waypoint in the film the audience can revisit, as though to say â€Å"What if†¦? † The family is shown in the living room once again, but this time from above. This effect makes it feel like Derek is looking down at them, as though already dead. It tell the audience that there is only one future for Derek. This reciting is interrupted, however, by the guard telling him it’s time in a more forceful way. As soon as the door is flung open, the colour inside the room is changed by that of the outside. It is now dark and blue once more, suggesting, quite rightly, that the mood inside the cell has changed. The ensuing action is very rapid, providing a harsh contrast between the relaxed readings of the vicar and the short, sharp officials. The first line said is â€Å"Here, drink this†. Once Derek has drunk the liquid the camera acts, once again, like the audience are looking at the events through Derek’s perspective. This rapid series of events gives the audience an impression of force, that Derek is being pushed into something that should never have happened. The camera cuts to Derek’s supporters outside the prison, showing he audience that even the general public believe what will happen is wrong, reinforcing the audience’s belief. The camera shows the crowd and then pans upward, showing the large towers of the prison. This is to show that the government is more far powerful than the people below. The coat of arms lies on the wall, meant to signify justice. The audience are now mentally branding everyone running the prison as evil. The scene shows that everyone is behind Derek, and makes the viewers ask why? Why did this happen? The camera shows Derek being led to the gallows, between two lines of executioners. The camera pans around these lines, showing, once again, the full might of authority. It makes the audience as well as Bentley feel as though there is no way out, no going back. Derek is taken into the execution room, blindfolded and hung. Once the blindfold is added, the music stops and now all the audience can hear is Derek’s loud breathing. This creates a sense of apprehension, like they don’t want to see what is about to happen. The action is once again very rapid, like the executioners don’t even want to be there. The room is dark and has no source of light apart from a small window. As the execution is completed, Derek’s shoes are shown falling off his feet and hitting the floor. There is now a lingering shot of them. They symbolise Derek, in a way. They give the impression that this is all that is left of him. They also highlight his mental age once more as they aren’t tied. After Derek is killed, the camera flies up, out of the room and returns to the family. This could be his spirit, flying away and returning to his home and family once more. As this takes place, there is no music, just the scared and agitated breathing of Derek. As the spirit enters the home, the audience can see the colours have changed. What was once lit with gold and yellow is now illuminated using the same chilling blue of that fateful night. This signifies that the mood inside the house has changed from warm and welcoming to cold and unforgiving. The family are shown crying on each other’s shoulders and the camera pans round the room to the clock, which is now the only thing audible over the crying. As the whimpers grow louder, the clock stops. This signifies that time has run out for Derek. As the credits begin to roll, the crying is faded out and silence follows. Medak has used every tool at his disposal to promote sympathy for Bentley and his family. The lighting is dark and harsh when showing characters that bring Derek down, while those that are friendly towards him are lit using gold and yellow. The music is repetitive and unforgiving, creating links to previous scenes it the audience’s mind. Often there are large gaps with no music whatsoever to emphasize the action taking place. The camera often switches from a third person view to the action as though it were Derek to show the audience exactly what he can see. The camera also persists in showing the audience of Derek’s suffering. The dialogue of many other characters involves swearing regularly, but not in the case of Derek or his family. They are shown to be as near angelic as humanly possible. Derek’s dialogue is childlike and predictable, another method of showing the audience his mental age. The director has achieved his goal tremendously well. The director, in my view, has strayed from the truth very little, but has neglected to include certain aspects of the story altogether to promote sympathy for Bentley and his family. The film is, indeed biased, and that is clear in the audiences mind as the film ends, but then, most people, having been given the opportunity to make this film, would have produced it as biased.